Table of ContentsThe Journal of Information Science and Technology
Association
(Johono Kagaku to Gijutsu)
Vol. 54 （2004） , No.12
Special feature : Trends in technology of information retrieval
Special feature : Trends in technology of information retrieval. The new technology of information retrieval
Takashi NAGATSUKA
(Dept. of Library, Archival and Information Studies, Tsurumi University Tsurumi 2-1-3, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan 230-8501)
Abstract : This article summarizes the recent technological trends and changes of information retrieval. It is focused in the article how the nature and sources of information especially on the Internet, science and eCommerce are changing and expanding during the recent few years. The new technologies of information retrieval are closed with the developments of digital social information such as multimedia service, aggregation service of information goods, and academic data. It is explained the recent technological developments of information retrieval and information services in Japan are explained.
Keywords : information retrieval / database / DBMS / multimedia / digital information / information retrieval service / Internet
Bioinformatics
Hiroshi HAYASHI
(Dept. of Library and Information Sei. Aichi.Shukutoku Univ. (9 Katahira, Nagakute-cho, Aichigun 480-1197))
Abstract : Life is sustained by two informational systems, namely the genetic system and the sensory system. In the genetic (but not sensory) information system, information is duplicated, transcribed and translated following the “central dogma" which is symbolically expressed as DNA→RNA→Protein. The flow of information is one dimensional like the information that is contained in written language by using characters. Therefore, genetic information is suitable for computers to store, compare, edit, analyze and visualize. The linkage between biological information and computer-based information processing is discussed.
Keywords : central dogma / exson / intron / homology search / sequence search / higher structure of protein
Information access based on association
Akihiko TAKANO
(National Institute of Informatics (2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8430))
Abstract : The similarity based search technology is expected to open the next generation in information access. The GETA(Generic Engine for Transposable Association) provides the scalable association which is crucial to implement these new method for large scale databases. GETA is already adopted to construct several associative information access services.
Keywords : similarity based document search / associative search / association computation / relevance feedback / topic word extraction / information access / association
Semantic web ―Machine understandable metadata―
Toshio YOKOI
(Tokyo University of Technology, Graduate School of Media Science (1404-1, Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982))
Abstract : Semantic Web is expected to mark a new epoch in information retrieval and Web services of the WWW. By the Semantic Web, software agents in the computer and network will be able to understand the metadata of all resources in the world including Web pages. The W3C guides the Semantic Web initiatives and American and European research organizations are pushing on with most of its research and development. W3C has proposed the specification of RDF and OWL for the description of metadata content. Useful applications of them are under development. This paper describes the target and aim of Semantic Web, the overview of Semantic Web technology and the mechanism of machine understandable metadata.
Keywords : Semantic web / machine understandable metadata / Dublin Core Metadata / ontology / RDF / OWL
Visualizing Innovation Competencies in the context of Organization Learning
Ellie OKADA
(Yokohama National University, International Graduate School of Social Science (79-4, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501))
Abstract : This paper aims to get implications for libraries by analyzing attempt of visualizing innovation competencies of corporations in the context of organization learning. As for management of libraries, private commitment against public libraries, efficiencies of operations, etc. are discussed, while some libraries began to support venture companies by getting ready of materials useful to them or offering "Ba" (space) to promote networking of venture managements. These arrangements are similar to those of companies. Companies try to overcome limitations of growth by driving strategic management on knowledge and innovation competencies home and building system to make innovation again and again. This paper defines “innovation" as invention of business type, system, production and service that give benefits to the economic and civil society and analyze what are key elements of innovation competency for libraries.
Keywords : innovation competency / organization learning / knowledge management / self-renewal / knowledge outside / making index for intrinsic value / growth of organization
Evaluation models of web information access technologies
Koji EGUCHI
(Library and
Information Research Section, Human and Social Information Research Division, National Institute of Informatics, (2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, JAPAN))
Abstract :Web documents have various characteristics different from those of newspaper articles, patents or academic papers. To date, various kinds of technologies for accessing the Web documents have been proposed and developed, taking into account those characteristics. Web information retrieval is one of the most fundamental techniques in the Web information access technologies. The evaluation of its effectiveness has been considered to be difficult when acknowledging the practical use; however, recently there have been some attempts of evaluation workshops to address such problems. This paper gives you an overview of key issues related to Web information retrieval technologies, and surveys several attempts of evaluation workshops for these technologies, as well as methodological bases for the evaluation workshops.
Keywords : iweb information access / web information retrieval / evaluation models / evaluation workshops / test collections / TREC / NTCIR