Table of ContentsThe Journal of Information Science and Technology
Association
(Johono Kagaku to Gijutsu)
Vol. 54 （2004） , No.6
Special feature : Scientific communication in science and technology
Characteristics of the Scientific Communication : Functions of the Scholarly Journals
Keiko KURATA
(School of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Letters, Keio University (2-15-45, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345))
Abstract : This paper provides a historical outline of the system of scientific communication, especially the scholarly journals. The functions supplied by the journals have not been well filled by other information media. In the days of widespread electronic communication, how scientific communication change is considered from the scientists' use of electronic media.
Keywords : scientific and technical information / scientific communication / scholarly journal / electronic media / scientist / information use / academic library
The Making Process of “Report of Research Results" by KAKENHI Grants
Hideaki MATSUGI
(Academic Research Aid Division, Research Promotion Bureau, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (2-5-1 Marunouchi Chiyodaku Tokyo 100-8959))
Abstract : "Grants-in-Aid for Academic Research" (KAKENHI) are awarded to promote academic research in all fields of the natural and social sciences and the humanities, from basic research to applied research, KAKENHI Grants are the representative "competitive research fund". Only researchers whose proposals pass the strict review by peer researchers can accept KAKENHI. The grantee should make the "Report of research results" and deliver it to the library for the purpose of returning research gains to the society. This manuscript shows the process in which the "Report of research results", a special booklet not being sold at any bookshop, is made out by the researcher.
Keywords : Grants-in-Aid for Academic Research / report of research results / competitive research fund / academic research / peer review
Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants (HLSRG) : Reports of Researches Supported by HLSRG
Ryuji NAGATA, Mari ASAMI, Emiko TAKAGAI, Hiroki NAKATANI
(Health Sciences Division, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (Kasumigaseki 1-2-2, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8916))
Abstract : The Health Science and Labor Research Grants (HSLRG) program aims at gaining practical results by promoting scientific research directly addressing to the research needs of the nation's health, medical and welfare requirements. Such position is different from that of the Ministry of Education and Science whose primary objective is to expand the academic horizon. In the fiscal year 2004, the HSLRG supports about 1,400 research projects under 18 research domains with 4,200 million yen budget. Reports of these studies can be read at the National Diet Library and the Ministry's Library. Also, they can be assessed through the web site of the National Institute of Public Health (http://www.niph.go.jp).
Keywords : Health Sciences / Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants / Database / Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare / National Institute of Public Health / Research Evaluation
The disclosure and dissemination of research results of basic research projects in the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)―Centered around medium-term plan of JST―
Yoshinori ITABASHI, Nobuko MISHIMA
(Japan Science and Technology Agency, Department of Planning and Evaluation, Office of Basic Research, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012))
Tsutomu KUROSAWA
(Office of Science and Technology Information, 5-3, Yonbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0081))
Abstract : The Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) made a new start as an incorporated administrative agency on October 1, 2003. JST has been conducting the basis development for promoting science and technology and promotion of advanced/creative R&D as main businesses from the previous days of the Japan Science and Technology Corporation. This paper explains the disclosure and dissemination of research results of basic research projects with top-down approach that are carried out by JST for the purpose of achieving the strategic target stipulated by the government. It also introduces each business of JST from the two viewpoints : (1) basic research business including “Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology" project, (2) information dissemination promotion business for science and technology as the basis development for promoting science and technology.
Keywords : Incorporated administrative agency / Medium-term plan / Basic research / Research results / Symposium / Database / Electronic journal / JST
Information Collection and Service on Government―Subsidized Research and Development ―From Experiences of Government Data Research Center of Japan―
Haruhiko OTAKE
(Government Data Research Center of Japan (1-7-3 Shintomi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0041))
Abstract : For collection and use of government research and development (R & D) information, it is important to know the administrative structures that generate information and their course of policy-making. A huge budget has been allocated to the government R & D. However, its results have not been fully utilized because it is generally unknown where they are generated and located. This paper describes how to access the information on government-subsidized R & D and the realities of collection thereof, points out the issues in electronic provision of government information. Further, it presents the scheme and information service of Government Data Research Center of Japan that has long been collecting and providing government data.
Keywords : Government information / Administrative information / Research and development information / Scientific and technical administration / Research and development system / Research and Development investment / Competitive research fund / Subsidy / Result reports / Information disclosure
Informal communication for Science research
Mamoru HAYASHI
(non-profit organization Science Communication Japan (6-10-14-806, Ichinoe, Edogawa-ku, TOKYO 132-0024))
Abstract : In addition to the informal communication among researchers, the informal communication with a researcher community and the whole society is required now. The age of the “linear model", which considers basic research (science) will return its fruits to the society through technology someday, is ending. Linear model has been replaced by industry-university cooperation. And also “deficit model", which constitutes a prejudice against scientific literacy of people, is being abandoned. We are constructing a new theory of science writing. Based on it, it will be possible to express science not only in an easy but also deeper, wider and more attractive way.
Keywords : Science communication / linear model / industry-university cooperation / deficit model / genetically modified crops / bovine spongiform encephalopathy / risk communication / science writing / accessibility to scientific information
Research Evaluations Using Journal Article Database ―Limits and Possibilities of Bibliometrics Indicators―
Masashi SHIRABE
(Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Oh-okayama 2-12-1, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552))
Abstract : Research Evaluations using bibliometrics indicators have drawn a lot of attention from scientific community. Among researchers of scientometrics and bibliometrics, however, easy usage of bibliometrics indicators for research evaluations has been seriously concerned. This paper discusses such a problem with a focus on citation data usage. Using bibliometrics indicators with due consideration for its methodological limits could produce improvement in research evaluation. Understanding of data characteristics and methodological purposes is critical to such improvement as well as appropriate contexts for interpretation of evaluation findings.
Keywords : research evaluation / objective evaluation / bibliometrics indicators / impact factors / number of times cited / scientometrics / bibliometrics
Series : BOOKMARK for InfoPros(3) Statistical Data
Kenji KIKUCHI
((MarketingDataBank.. JMA Research Institute, inc. (1-4-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005))
Abstract : This paper introduces how to collect statistical data, and case studies about searching statistical data on government websites.
Telecommunication infrastructure is improved by penetration of broadband internet, public organizations like local government which provide statistical data on their websites are increasing.
Some organizations discontinue providing statistical data by book, and release only on websites. There are many precious books of statistics, but websites will be major media to release information in the future.
Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications opened website "The Portal Site of Statistical Data in Japan" where we can search all government statistical data. It is important to use these statistical websites properly by needs.
Keywords : Statistical Data / Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare / Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry / The Portal site of Statistical Data / Electronic government