The Journal of Information Science and Technology Association
(Johono Kagaku to Gijutsu)
Abstract

Akira MIYAZAWA
National Institute of Informatics
2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, 101-0003 Tokyo, JAPAN

Abstract: The author describes necessity of information standards from the view point of library service system development in then network information age, then, introduces standardization organizations, such as JISC, ISO/TC46, NISO, IETF and W3C, DCMI, OAI and SIST, with examples of their standard. Framework of this standardization is shifting to America-central way under the globalization trends. Problems of the standards are pointed out, and as a conclusion, active participation to the standardization process is appealed.

Keywords：  standardization / globalization / institutional repository / meta-search / JIS / ISO-TC46

Makoto J. HIRAYAMA
Department of Media Informatics, College of Informatics and Human Communication/Library Center
Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 7-1 Ohgigaoka, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8501 JAPAN

Abstract：Standard protocol specifications published as ISO and JIS, which are Z39.50 information retrieval, interlibrary loan, and generic electronic data exchange protocols are reviewed. Next, SRW, SRU, and CQL developed by Library of Congress are explained. XML based image search and retrieval protocol published as Technical Specification (TS) is also explained. Importance of standardization of protocols is discussed in the world digital library era, in which not only bibliographic data but also information resources themselves are accessible through Internet.

Keywords：  information retrieval / standardization / JIS / Z39.50 / ILL / SRW/SRU / CQL

Mari ITOH
Library and Information Science, Aichi Shukutoku University
9 Nagakute Katahira, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, Aichi-ken 480-1197 JAPAN

Abstract：Information is decentralized and circulated in various formats. It is needed to provide bibliographic information, i.e., metadata, in order to access effectively to useful information available. The model of bibliographic record in a conceptual level (IFLA FRBR) was developed for this purpose. This paper described the IFLA FRBR study, and gave an overview of cataloguing principles, standard bibliographic description examined based on the FRBR model. Standardized bibliographic formats recently revised and information resource identifiers were also outlined.

Keywords：  bibliographic description / metadata / information resource identifier / FRBR / ISBD / Dublin Core / XML

Masashi KOTANI
The Institute of Records Management, Nippon Records Management Co.
2-2 Kanda Tsukasa-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0048 JAPAN

Abstract：I shall expound some standards which are considered to be internationally important with regard to document and records. Starting from the Australian Standards AS 4390, I have taken up ISO15489 which is the most influential international standard for records management at the moment, JISX0902 which is the Japanese version of ISO15489, ISO22310 which has the concept that ISO15489 should be applied to the entire part of records management in ISO standards, furthermore, UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce, MoReq, DoD5015.2, ICA's electronic records workbook , and others. Given this perspective, it can be understood that records management is currently in progress centering around the following two important keywords of "Accountability" and "Growth of electronic records".

Keywords：  accountability / paradigm shift of records management / life cycle management of records / authenticity / reliability / integrity / usability / long-term preservation of electronic records

Naoko TOKUHARA
National Diet Library
1-10-1 Nagata-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8924 JAPAN

Abstract：This article introduces international standards for library evaluation. First, we describe the international standard of the library performance indicators (ISO11620), and present the draft second edition of the standard (ISO/CD11620:2005) which specifies not only indicators for traditional libraries but also indicators for electronic library services (ISO/TR20983). Next, we review the third edition of "International library statistics (ISO2789)" published in 2003. It newly includes data requirements for ISO11620 and discussions on electronic resources and services. In addition, we briefly explain the draft forth edition of that standard (ISO/DIS2789:2005). Finally, we outline an effective utilization of these international standards.

Keywords：  library evaluation / library performance indicators / library statistics / ISO11620 / ISO / TR20983 / ISO2789 / JISX0812

Masaaki KASHIMURA
HUMI Project, Keio University
2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345 JAPAN

Abstract：There are direct and indirect methods of digital image acquisition from paper materials such as books, and various kinds of input devices are utilized. The indirect method indicates the use of photographic film as a medium to be digitized. In the present and the articles which will ensue I shall discuss the digital image acquisition from rare books. Here in the first article, principles and characters of major input devices such as film scanner, flatbed scanner, special types of digital camera for professional use will be briefly explained.

Keywords：  digital image / digital camera / image scanner / rare book / digital archiving / image acquisition