The Journal of Information Science and Technology Association
(Johono Kagaku to Gijutsu)
Abstract

Mitsuhiro ODA
College of Literature, Aoyama Gakuin University
4-4-25 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku Tokyo 150-8366 JAPAN

Abstract：This paper is to clarify the current status of Digital Reference Services (DRS) in Japan. Firstly, after the examination of related terms and their definitions, Japanese literatures on DRS are reviewed. The author regards DRS as comprehensive reference services using ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Secondly, the functions of DRS are explained. Finally, analyzed are characteristics of DRS; synchronization, remote use, collaboration, role of the reference librarian, change of the structure of reference and information services.

Keywords：  library services / information and reference services / digital reference service / virtual reference service / collaborative reference service / e-mail reference service / reference librarian / reference network / knowledge base

Norihisa YODA
Kansai-kan of the National Diet Library
8-1-3 Seikadai Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0287 JAPAN

Abstract：Collaborative Reference Database Project of the National Diet Library aims to build a knowledgebased database for reference services, providing records of edited questions and answers, and processer for research. The purposes of this project are improv the library service and support research activities through the accumulated information. This article gives an overview of the project and introduces a couple of changes on reference services.

Keywords：  Collaborative Reference Database Project / reference service / edited records of question and answer / information and communication technology / collaboration

Takanori HAYASHI^*1，Tatsuhiko MATSUYAMA^*2，Kimihiro NIIMOTO^*3
*1Takanori HAYASHI
Research Information Division, Tsukuba Office, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council Secretariat, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries,
2-1-9, Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8601 JAPAN
^*2Tatsuhiko MATSUYAMA
International Christian University Library
10-2, Osawa 3-chome, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8585 JAPAN
^*3Kimihiro NIIMOTO
OCLC Center, Kinokuniya Company Ltd.
13-11, Higashi 3-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8513 JAPAN

Abstract：In this report, we describe backgrounds, functions and future plans on QuestionPoint, a global online network reference system, mainly developed and being operated by the Library of Congress and OCLC Online Computer Library Center Inc., including some case studies of the system. In a case study at AFFRIC, the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Information Center, a virtual reference service through the Internet are introduced, connecting many branch offices widely located in the country, as well as some of international reference service examples. In a case of ICU, the International Christian University Library, some practical challenges and future plans at the library are introduced as well as some comments on handling Japanese language in a system developed outside Japan.

Keywords：  Library of Congress / OCLC Online Computer Library Center Inc. / QuestionPoint / 24/7 reference services / digital reference / Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Information Center / International Christian University Library

Susumu KANEMUNE
Hitotsubashi University, Computer Center
Naka2-1, Kunitachi City, Tokyo 186-8603 JAPAN

Abstract：Wikipedia is an enormous online encyclopedia run in the spirit of open-source collaborative software. It has these characteristics: 1) It includes over 3 million articles. 2) It is constructed by sites of over 200 languages. 3) It is updated everyday, so it includes many new articles. 4) It is edited by many people in the world. In this article, I introduce an overview of Wikipedia and related projects, then describe some issue.

Keywords：  Wikipedia / digital reference tools / Wiki / World Wide Web / internet

Takahiro WATANABE
Kobe University Library
2-1 Roko daimachi, Nada-ku, Kobe-shi 657-8501 JAPAN

Abstract：Authority control in cataloging is crucial function also for high quality research by reference librarian. This paper describes two topics on authority control, FRAR and LCSH. FRAR (Functional Requirement for Authority Records) is a conceptual model using E-R analysis mainly for name authority records. I explain outline of newest draft by the IFLA WG (function of authority file, user task, entity, attribute, relationship etc.). Next, This paper treats LCSH (Library Congress Subject Headings), which is most popular subject headings system in worldwide. I explain basic features of LCSH (form of heading, subdivisions, syndetic structure etc.).

Keywords：  Authority Control / FRAR/ FRANAR / E-R Model / Name Authorities / LCSH / Subject Headings

Masamichi MUGURUMA
Muguruma Professional Engineer Office
Nihonbasi KN Building 6F, Nihonbashi 3-2-14, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027 JAPAN

Abstract：It was disclosed that the more important patent has bigger number of forward citation. The character of the biggest forward citation patent in US was introduced. The patent value of each company was analysed by impact factor that is forward citation number in average. The author introduced the FCA map that was able to show by which and when the object patent was cited. In the technical fields of semiconductor and magnetic head, competitors were compared by forward citation data. It was showed these data were useful for M&A also.

Keywords：  patent citation / forward citation / impact factor / patent evaluation / comparison of competitor / M&A